The Insurrection has been a threat for many years before the Covenant even attacked Harvest. Not a cover up.
When the Covenant attacked Harvest, it took a few months for the UNSC to really get a slight grasp on what was actually happening. One of the ships sent to Harvest took several weeks to return with the data due to injuries sustained at the battle. The Second Battle of Harvest was in 2526… the UNSC was just getting to understand the situation.
And even then, it was kept a secret. As of now, the Covenant had only hit Harvest and perhaps another far outer colony. Not general knowledge until they invaded more direct colony space. The Covenant was classified at this time, they didn’t know the full threat. You saw how much Sully had to break through to access that ONI data.
In 2526, the Covenant Invasion was still just starting… the UNSC still barely knew what was going on. The Spartans weren’t even informed of the attack on Harvest until several weeks after the planet was hit. The rest of the UNSC barely knew what was going on for a while.
Basically what the replies have been saying. Oni kept the invasion on Reach a secret. So far, I love the respect the covenant have been given in this series. They’re more of nightmarish monsters than enemies. It’s really cool. SPOILER- When you look at the elite when it carves up the statue, you don’t think, “Finally some covenant in this series!” You think, “HOLY #$&%! That Elite is a boss!”
I feel like Reach could’ve really done the covenant’s arrival on Reach differently. I don’t know, just seeing a swarm of skirmishers and a banshee followed by Jorge’s, “Rebels, it the -yoink-ed covenant.” It was really weak.
Originally, Admiral Cole’s initial victory against the Covy ship at Harvest was skewed, and released under the lie that the victory was against an Insurrectionist weapons platform. This was meant to boost morale, but that eventually backfired a few years later when they were forced to reveal that the “Innie weapons platform” didn’t actually exist, and that the victory was immensely Pyrrhic.